Background: Calcium oxide nanoparticles are one of the most widely used nanomaterials in
nanotechnology. These nanoparticles can be antibacterial agents because they have strong
antibacterial effects. These nanoparticles are also used for drug delivery in cancer cells.
Calcium oxide nanoparticles can be synthesized from squid bones by green synthesis.
Aim: The main objectives of the study are to investigate the antibacterial and drug delivery
effects of CaO on the AGS cell line.
Methodology: In this study, calcium oxide nanoparticles were first synthesized from squid
bones in the Persian Gulf and after characterization analyses (X-ray diffraction, Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy, porosimetry, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and field
emission scanning electron microscopy), the drug doxorubicin was loaded. The effects of the
nanocomposite system (calcium oxide nanoparticles and drug) at concentrations of 1, 2, 4, 8
and 16 μg/mL on cell viability were investigated by the MTT test in the culture medium of
the gastric cancer cell line, the MIC test was used to investigate its antibacterial effects in the
culture medium of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Results: The results of the analysis of the determination of the synthesis characteristics of calcium
oxide nanoparticles prove. The results of the MTT test of the effects of this nanocomposite system on
the gastric cancer cell line indicate that this system can inhibit the growth of gastric cancer cells, so
that this effect has a direct relationship with the concentration of the nanoparticle-drug with 105.21
μg/mL IC50. The results of the MIC test also indicate that this nanoparticle does not have the ability
to inhibit the growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Conclusions: After reviewing the results of the studies, calcium oxide nanoparticles synthesized from
squid bone can be used as a drug delivery system for gastric cancer cells, and since this nanoparticle
has antibacterial effect