احمد شادی

Optimizing of lipid extraction from microalgae is the key to increasing ‎their application in various industries. Therefore, extracting lipids plays a decisive ‎role in the stable production of lipid from microalgae. In the present study, 6 ‎extraction methods were evaluated for optimization and substitute the laternative ‎method for the extraction of lipids: standard method of Bligh and Dyer ‎extraction, H2SO4, H3PO4, HCl ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents for choline ‎chloride: urea and choline chloride: oxalic acid from Dunaliella salina in 2 and ‎‎24hr extraction time. The effect of type of extraction method on lipid yield, type ‎and composition of extracted fatty acids and extracted fat chlorophyll content ‎were investigated. Gas chromatography results showed that all ionic liquids and ‎eutectic solvents tested were able to extract fatty acids from the D. salina with ‎different fatty acid ratio.Analysis of variances between treatment showed that all ‎extraction treatment had higher fat yields and lower chlorophyll content than ‎Bligh and Dyer standard method. The highest lipid yield (34%)was extracted ‎using choulinchloride: urea in 2hrs treatment. Within 24 hrs treatments H 2SO4 as ‎well as choulinchloride: urea showed higher lipid yield(32%), in contrast the Bligh ‎and Dyer standard method showed 11% lipid yield.In addition, the effect of ‎extraction time (2 and 24 hours ) with ionic liquids and eutectic solvents on the ‎total lipid and extracts of fatty acids profile was investigated‏.‏‎ The results of ‎analysis of variance of ionic liquids during the treatment period showed a ‎significant difference on lipid yield (P?0.05), while there was no significant ‎difference between the treatment period and eutectic solvents (P?0.05). In ‎conclusion, according to the results of the present study, lipid extracted from ionic ‎liquids and deep eutectic solvents is more efficient than the standard method in ‎quantitative and qualitative terms. Therfore the introd