December 6, 2025
Yousef Dehghani

Yousef Dehghani

Academic Rank: Associate professor
Address:
Degree: Ph.D in Psychology
Phone: 07731222447
Faculty: Faculty of Humanities

Research

Title
The effectiveness of positive thinking training on resilience, empathy and psychological distress of mothers with children with special learning disabilities
Type Thesis
Keywords
واژگان كليدي : آموزش مثبت انديشي، تابآوري، همدلي، پريشانيروانشناختي، اختلال يادگيري
Researchers feyzyeh hoshmand (Student) , Yousef Dehghani (First primary advisor) , Mostafa Dehghani (Advisor)

Abstract

Background: Mothers of children with specific learning disorders face numerous psychological and emotional challenges that can affect their resilience, empathy, and mental health. Positive thinking training, as a psychological intervention, can improve these aspects and enhance the quality of life for these mothers. Aim: Objective: The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effectiveness of positive thinking training on resilience, empathy, and psychological distress of mothers of children with specific learning disorders. Methodology: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretestposttest approach and a control group. The statistical population consisted of 342 mothers of children with specific learning disorders in Bushehr city, from which 46 mothers were conveniently selected based on the study’s inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to two groups of 23 (experimental and control). The Connor- Davidson Resilience Scale (2003), Davis Empathy Questionnaire (1983), and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (2003) were used in this study. The positive thinking intervention was conducted over 10 sessions of 90 minutes each for the experimental group, and the data were analyzed using analysis of variance in SPSS version 26. Findings: Results showed that positive thinking training significantly improved resilience (54%, p<0.05), empathy (62%, p<0.03), and reduced psychological distress (74%, p<0.001) in mothers. Resilience scores increased from 97.67 to 112.85, empathy from 46.31 to 85.68, and psychological distress significantly decreased. These effects remained stable at follow-up, while the control group showed minimal changes. Analysis of variance and Bonferroni tests confirmed significant and sustained intervention effects in the experimental group, with significant group and time differences. Conclusion: Positive thinking training effectively enhances resilience and empathy while reducing psychological distress in mothers of children w