علی ایزدبخش

Phenol is a toxic substance mainly found in wastewater from paper industry, coking, oil production, especially oil depots and refineries, and many other chemical plants. The release of such materials in a highly hazardous environment. Using nano-catalysts with high catalytic activity in the oxidation, phenol is converted into non-hazardous materials such as catechol and hydroquinone, and eventually into water and carbon dioxide. The use of polymer-based catalysts is growing over the past years. Polymers are used in this study because of features such as neutrality, non-toxicity, non-volatility, and recyclability. Among the polymers, polystyrene was selected due to its hydrophilicity, non-toxicity, insolubility in conventional solvents, stability and easy preparation as well as its compatibility with a wide range of reaction conditions. The purpose of this dissertation is to synthesize and evaluate the polystyrene supported core-shell Cu@Pd catalyst by Polyol method and compare it with two bases of mesopor MCM-41 and FSM-16 in the process of oxidation of phenol and converting it into water and carbon dioxide. With core-shell structure, catalytic activity is largely maintained and greatly reduced the cost of consuming expensive metals. Samples were characterized by UV-Vis, FT-IR, SEM, nitrogen isothermal adsorption– desorption and TOC. The results showed that maximum removal efficiency after 120 minute for three Cu@Pd/PS, Cu@Pd/MCM-41 and Cu@Pd/FSM-16 catalysts at a phenol concentration of 50 mg/L was 88.9, 82.86% and 80.7% respectively, and in the concentration of 40 mg /L, the removal efficiency was 89.75%, 85.82% and 81.6%, respectively. Also, at concentrations of 30 mg/L, 90.77%, 87.16% and 83.53%. Finally, the conversion of catalyst Cu@Pd/PS in the phenol oxidation process remained stable during the first three reuse, and 88.9%, while in the fourth stage its conversion was reduced to 88.42%, while activity of the other two catalysts at each stage of the reuse pro