علی خضری

Literature has always been favored by the poets as a suitable place where their sociopolitical views can be expressed. In their poems, many have endorsed or opposed the political and social affairs, and spoke of resistance against colonialism and tyranny, sometimes with an explicit language and sometimes via indirect forms of poetry. Colonialism seized many Arab countries such as Egypt, Iraq, Algeria, etc., each had been attacked by foreigners in a period of history. Morocco has been also among these colonial countries, which was divided among Spain and France through the Treaty of Fez in 1912. From the very beginning, armed action were taken against foreigners until in 1956, France abandoned Morocco and confirmed its independence. Meanwhile, poets and literary figures have taken on their responsibilities and contributed to the independence of Morocco. Mohammad Abdul Rahman al-Halawi is one of the Moroccan poets who expressed his sociopolitical views on homeland and colonialism and invited his people to fight. The present study uses a descriptive-analytical method to elaborate the views of Mohammad Abdul Rahman al-Halawi in his poems. The result of the research shows that Al-Halawi, who spent 34 years of his life at the presence of French in his country, had a deep insight and repeatedly portrayed the real identity of the perpetrators besides reminding of the glory of the past, the hope of victory and the better future to make people aware of their evil intentions. He also had not been ignorant of the other Muslims in other usurped countries, and as a poet with a vast worldview, his poetry cries out for the people of Lebanon and Palestine and some other Islamic countries, and has expressed this in an explicit language. To influence his audience, he has used some figures of speech such as simile, metaphor, metonymy etc., and by repetition of certain letters and phrases and establishing inter-textuality with other texts, had added to the richness and dynamics of his p