Background: Identification and detection of targets is one of the important fields
in military and civilian applications, which is done using visible data, radar, etc.
Recently, detection of ground and underground targets with the help of SAR
artificial aperture radar images has been widely used.
Aim: Artificial aperture radar is an active microwave system that provides unique
2D and 3D images of the Earth and its surface changes. The main focus of this
thesis is to simulate and evaluate the SAR imaging process of a target.
Methodology: For this purpose, the reflective signal of the structure must be
collected first, which is actually the raw data required for processing.
Unfortunately, few research centers have SAR meters to provide their data to
researchers interested in this field. Therefore, according to the necessity of the
problem, in this thesis, a SAR image simulator algorithm is proposed in order to
generate raw SAR data. In order to simulate the imaging of SAR radar in the
operational band mode, first the required raw data was generated by calculating the
far field and asymptotic methods, which theoretically include geometric light
methods, full wave and uniform diffraction theory, then with the algorithm RDA
signal processing has processed the raw data and the output images have been
extracted. This phase is done in MATLAB software by creating a connection
between the matrix output from FEKO and MATLAB. After extracting the radar
images of the desired targets, the features and characteristics of the output images
have been obtained to recognize the geometric shape by applying the existing
methods in the field of image processing. This operation uses MATLAB software
and image processing methods to extract three features including: environment,
area and center point inside the images, and then by using these features and
calculating the ratio of environment to area, the geometric shape of the targets can
be recognized.
Findings: The use of remote field in o