Fereshteh Bayat

The oil, essential oil and seeds of the black seed medicinal plant are used in the pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic and health industries. Among the non-living stresses that plants are exposed to is the salinity of agricultural soils and irrigation water, which is the reason for reducing the growth and yield of plants in most parts of the world, including Iran. In this experiment, four populations (ecotypes) of black seed plant were subjected to four levels of salinity stress (no stress, 40, 80, and 120 mM) in a factorial fashion in a completely randomized design in three replications. The statistical analysis of the data obtained from the measurement of traits, which included univariate and multivariate statistics, was done using SAS 9.4, Excel 2013 and SPSS software. Based on the total results obtained in this research, the investigated populations have high genetic diversity in terms of all investigated traits, and also considering the high heritability of some traits and targets in the programs. Bisexual populations can be selected based on the most desirable traits and used in breeding programs to transfer desirable traits. Therefore, the traits of crown diameter, number of capsules, number of flowers per plant, number of days to flowering and number of days to maturity have a positive and significant direct effect on yield changes and traits of number of capsules per plant, number of main branches and number of days to flowering have a direct effect. They have been positively and significantly effective on changes in oil percentage, so they can be selected as selection criteria to improve and improve grain yield and increase oil percentage.