Rural cooperatives in Iran were widely started in 1341 after the land reforms during the Pahlavi era Following its expansion in Bushehr port, a rural cooperative was formed in the forties, which left an impact on the life of the village people The current research aims to investigate the economic and social effects of rural cooperatives on the rural communities of Bushehr during the Pahlavi era and raises the question that What economic and social effects did the creation of rural cooperatives have on the lives of the villagers of Bushehr province during the Pahlavi period? The basic premise is that rural cooperatives in Bushehr province have improved the lives of villagers economically and socially and have played a significant role in reducing deprivation and reducing poverty. The method of this research is based on historical findings and based on descriptive-analytical documents. The results of this research show that who provided valuable services to the people in the economic sector of Bushehr Rural Cooperative which included giving loans and providing financial credits to villagers, and people were able to solve their problems by collecting cooperative loans Also, other services such as the establishment of cold stores and warehouses, marketing and sale of agricultural products of the village people, were among the significant services that the rural cooperative provided to the village people in the economic field In the social dimension, the rural cooperative left many consequences on people's lives As with the creation of warehouses and necessary facilities, some people of the village started working in these facilities, and this caused the reduction of poverty and deprivation in the villages to some extent. Also, with the necessary special training in the field of agriculture, it made farmers familiar with the principles and methods of agriculture, which itself became an effective factor in the way of quality cultivation by the people of the village