Hamed Gorginpour

Given the growing concerns over the energy crisis, global warming, and the depletion of fossil fuel reserves, wind energy has emerged as one of the fastest-growing renewable energy technologies. Electrical machines and control systems, as two key components of wind energy conversion systems (WECSs), play a vital role in achieving efficient and reliable power generation. In recent years, the development of advanced electrical machines and diverse control strategies has received considerable attention, with the aim of improving efficiency and reliability while reducing the vulnerability of these systems to internal and external faults. This review paper investigates the most widely used electrical machines in wind energy conversion systems and analyzes their characteristics from various perspectives. In addition, the commonly employed control strategies for these systems are introduced and comparatively evaluated. Finally, the existing challenges and emerging trends in enhancing the performance of electrical machines and control strategies are discussed, with particular emphasis on potential opportunities for future research.