Mythological-archetypal criticism is one of the new approaches of literary criticism that studies archetypes as part of the collective unconscious inherited contents that are constant in different times and places. In this research, two works "Golnar and Aine" and "Chargerd Qola Gestem" by Rahnavard Zaryab have been analyzed in this way. The purpose of examining the author's performance in re-creating identity-giving mental patterns is to take into account the special conditions of the Afghan society, which has been prevented from the positive human changes and transformations that have occurred in the world due to the disintegration of identity and the periodic rule of extreme religious views. The findings show that the author focused more on two points in these two works; Identity and women. In the story "Golnar and Mirror", anima has a higher frequency and other archetypes such as shadow, mask, self and colors in connection with it, show the realities of women's lives in Afghan society. The failure of Anima (Golnar) in the mirror means the failure of women to gain their identity in the mirror of Afghan society since ancient times.
In the story "Chargerd Qala Gestem" again, the search for identity and self-knowledge as an important archetype is considered. In this story, the shadow has a higher frequency and other archetypes in connection with it show the path of human movement and struggle. This story can be adapted to some extent with mystical concepts. Anima is the narrator's companion and helper on the way to self-discovery, but the main struggle is with the shadows, and then throwing away the masks and the end of this story, unlike the previous one, is associated with the achievement of the archetype of self, which is also named as reaching perfection and reaching the truth in mystical literature. Based on this, the above two stories have been written in a purposeful manner and in accordance with the human needs of the Afghan society.