Mohammad Mansouri Moghaddam

With the beginning of the Cold War, the competition between the two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, extended from Europe to the Persian Gulf region. In line with its regional interests and competition with the Western bloc, the Soviet Union sought to establish and expand relations with the countries of the region, especially Saudi Arabia. Despite Moscows desire to establish warm and strong relations with Riyadh, this country was pessimistic towards the Soviet Union. The current research has been carried out in a descriptive- analytical way and amis to examine the relations between the Saviet Uonion and Saudi Arabia during the Cold War (1945-1991). According to the investigations, the main finding of the research is that despite the desire and effort of the Soviet Union to establish strong relations with Saudi Arabia, for various reasons, including Russian support for communists, left-wing parties, and radical regimes. Arabbs and selling weapons to them caused the relations between the two mentioned countries to remain at a low level.