نادر سبکتکین

Although Special groups can be divided into different classes but generally they divide into seven classes that moving, mental and sensory disabilities are among them. Sensory disability is also divided into several groups that blindness and partially vision are among them. Charter of blind’s rights has affirmed the respect and protection of their rights including the right of employment, sanitation, healthy recreation and etc. However they face two major barriers achieving their rights which part of them are related to physical barriers such as lack of consideration of their rights inside and outside urban construction and failure of provision appropriate equipment to use when they refer to governmental and non-governmental organizations and etc. Other Part related to viewpoint barriers and attitude of community towards the groups. As regards to genetic and congenital factors, illnesses, accidences and wars are the main causes of disabilities and particularly blindness, and because of the wide age range of blindness from the childhood to elderly and their challenges in addition to blind person himself effect their family as well, considering the preventive factors in order to protect their civil rights is inevitable.