Over the last decades, drug delivery has been an extraordinarily active and fast-growing area in the pharmaceutical sciences. In the present work, as the use of drug accelerates the healing process, dexpanthenol and wild Pistacia atlantica (Bane) extract were added to the polymeric composition of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/ sodium alginate (SA) using a blending method. The results showed that by increasing the concentration of polymer solution, the diameter of nanofibers, as well as the viscosity of the polymer solution, was increased, and a polyvinyl alcohol solution with 10 wt.% concentration produced more uniform nanofibers. Then, adding alginate to polyvinyl alcohol solution led to a defect of electrospinning, however, production of nanofibers was improved by increasing polyvinyl alcohol solution to 10 wt.%. The swelling tendency of nanofibers increased by adding alginates to a polymer solution, so that enhanced the swelling by about 1.3 times and increased the void fraction about 2.6%. The produced nanofibers were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and tensile testing. The results of drug release showed that the presence of chitosan 1% (w/v) in the shell side of nanofibers helped better control the drug release. Also, the drug release from dexpanthenol-loaded wound dressing followed the Fickian diffusion mechanism and the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. Methylthiazolydiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and cell culture indicated that dexpanthenol-loaded PVA/SA-Chitosan nanofibers were not only nontoxic to the fibroblast cells but also appropriately affected the cellular attachment and morphology. Therefore, the fabricated nanofibers can be used for a biological and medical application as wound dressing.