ناصر زارع

Ghazal is a type of poetry that pictures sensual and inner feelings of human being, and due to this reason, it has a sublime position in the literature. So far, many studies have been conducted regarding the suggestibility and effects of Arabic and Persian literature in different areas. The importance of these studies in revealing the covert angles between Arabic and Persian literature, besides the importance of Ghazal, have motivated us to investigate this kind of poetry and its evolutionary trend, in order to determine the suggestibility and effects of Arabic and Persian literature in this framework. The present study is an attempt to investigate the theme and construction of Ghazal, in order to find the points of commonalities and dissimilarities in Arabic and Persian literature and to find out the effectiveness of Arabic ode in the formation of Persian Ghazal. The present study investigates the Ghazal and its evolutionary trend comparatively from theme to form in Arabic and Persian literature based on the comparative method of French literary school. Therefore, this thesis is divided into three chapters: in the first chapter the major and peripheral Ghazal themes are investigated, in the second chapter, the circumstances of Ghazal development and its independence in the present form are investigated through the sources of Ghazal and the study of its historical process in the works of the great Persian sonneteers. In the end, chapter three is devoted to the form and construction of Ghazal such as metre, rhyme, and monorhyme in Arabic and Persian literature. The results of the present study indicate that Persian poets have been inspired by Arabic lyricism in the prime theme of the Ghazal which is frequently about love and the feelings of the lover and the beloved. In the turn of the sixth hegira century, Persian poets turned to compose such themes in the poetic forms composed of limited verses based on the same metres and rhymes. By studying the evolutionary trend