One of the most effective methods of literary criticism, especially for novels, is the sociological approach, which examines the relationship between a novel’s structure and content in relation to the transformations of the state, society, and the environment in which characters are born, as well as how society is artistically reflected in the fictional world. The method of this study is descriptive-analytical with a sociological approach. The sociological approach in literary analysis seeks to uncover the relationship between literature and social structures, particularly in works that reflect social inequalities, problems, and tensions. From this perspective, literature is not merely a reflection of the author’s imagination but a representation of social realities, inequalities, tensions, and power structures. A sociological approach to literary texts enables the analysis of cultural, economic, and political conditions through literary narratives. Accordingly, the present study employs this approach and a descriptive-analytical method to examine Ahmed Al-Mursi’s novel “Moghamara ala sharafe al lady mitsi”. The main objective is to analyze how the novel reflects social issues in Egyptian society through its narrative. The findings indicate that the novel presents a critical and realistic portrayal of contemporary Egyptian society—a society characterized by an unjust structure and the pervasive influence of politicians in various layers of the community. Ahmad Al-Mursi repeatedly addresses social issues such as poverty and destitution, violence and physical and psychological harm, youth and even animal addiction, hostile competition, Alienation, the power and wealth of politicians, and the extravagance of the affluent class, all of which provide an objective depiction of Egyptian society and its features.