This study examines the oil industry and its economic and social impacts in the northern regions of the Persian Gulf, especially the Gachsaran, Kharg, and Mahshahr regions during the years 1954-1955/1955-76. The purpose of this study is to determine what economic and social impacts the oil industry had on these regions and what consequences these impacts had for these regions. The Iranian oil industry experienced a growing and ascending trend in terms of quantity and quality during the period in question, and a combination of several factors led to an increase in the production and price of crude oil, resulting in a large amount of foreign exchange income for the government. The government invested a large part of these income in various sectors during development programs, and at the same time, the government paid special attention to the northern regions of the Persian Gulf, especially oil-rich areas related to the oil industry. As a result of the government's attention, the regions under study became oil, industrial, and economic hubs. Gachsaran became the largest heavy crude oil field in the country, Kharg became the largest crude oil loading and export center in the world, and Mahshahr became the Abadan petrochemical products loading center, and petrochemical facilities were established in these areas at the same time. However, it should be noted that most of the measures and activities taken were after the conclusion of the oil consortium agreement in 1954 and the start of industrial activities in these areas. As a result, fundamental changes occurred in the economic and social spheres in these areas, and these traditional areas became the most important industrial and oil centers in the space of two decades. The method used in this research is historical and relies on documentary and library studies and statistical data.