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Abstract
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Fundamental research on plants in order to identify their pharmaceutical agents and their effects
on pathogens has been increased in medicinal plant research centers around the world, especially in Iran.
This study has been conducted to determine the antibacterial effects of Pulicaria gnaphalode, Ducrosia
anethifolia, Trachyspermum copticum, Foeniculul vulgare Mill, and Majorana hortensis Minch essential
oils on Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Shigella boydii. Their essential oils were
extracted by a Clevenger apparatus following preparation of plants powder in appropriate condition.
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for essential oil (EOs) chemical analysis.
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were also
investigated for studying the EO effects on bacteria. Sixty three compounds were identified in the EO
analysis of five plants by GC-MS. All EOs tested in this study showed antibacterial properties on all three
bacterial strains. EO of the Trachyspermum copticum showed stonger antibacterial effects than the other
herbs. It is notable that there was a significant difference between the antibacterial activities of the EOs.
The results of this study provide a scientific basis for using these plants in traditional home remedies. On
the other hand, extraction and purification of these EOs can provide more phytochemicals with stronger
antibiotic properties.
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