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Abstract
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This research aims to introduce a low-cost, non-commercial culture medium and optimize the operating conditions
for biological chitin extraction from green tiger shrimp waste in the Persian Gulf zone. For this purpose,
the two most commonly used microorganisms, Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus plantarum, were obtained to
deproteinize and demineralize the shrimp shells within both culture mediums using a successive two-stage
process. It was found that the proposed non-commercial culture medium was more efficient than the purchased
and ready-to-use commercial medium and increased deproteinization and demineralization efficiency by
9 % and 11 %, respectively. According to the optimization, which was performed using a response surface
methodology based on a central composite design, the demineralization model is more complicated than the
deproteinization model. The presented model predicted deproteinization and demineralization yields with good
accuracy. The FTIR results revealed that shrimp shells and chitin have similar main functional groups, while the
degree of acetylation of the extracted chitin was 62.26 %. SEM results illustrated the formation of microfibrils
and the chitin structure's porosity. The XRD data showed that the crystallinity index of chitin was 93.9 %. Besides,
the thermal stability of the extracted chitin, with a maximum degradation temperature of 380 ◦C is
comparable with the literature data.
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