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Abstract
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Global warming is a key problem worldwide, and it is proved to be connected to greenhouse gases emission, and energy production and consumption intensity. A systematic insight into layers of energy system from extraction to end users is vital to evaluate the potentials of energy saving, recovery and consequently reducing the losses. In this work, the Reference Energy System (RES) for Bushehr province as an extremely dense industrial region is obtained. The energy carriers used in industry, household, service, transportation, and agriculture are defined precisely, while the potentials of installing water sweetening, heat recovery, and flare gas recovery units are evaluated. As the land of resources and capital of energy in Iran, crude oil, natural gas and solar are the most important energy carriers produced in the extraction layer. The gas refineries are in the processing layer, however the petrochemical plants, and power plants are in conversion layer. There is a significant potential for energy recovery which has been taken into account in RES.
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