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Abstract
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This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of different extracts of sea cucumber the species of Holothuria parva and its bioactive compounds.Sea cucumber extract, native species of Persian Gulf, were extracted through methanol, ethanol and acetone solvents from the tissue of the body (parts of walls and offal).The antimicrobial effects of different extracts on the species of Escherichiacoli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, Enterococcus fecalis and Candida albicans were examined using micro dilution method of cultivation environment. Furthermore, the minimum concentration of Inhibitory and fungicidal were determined for each of the bacterium and fungal species. The results show that methanol and ethanol extracts withthe concentration of 100 mg/ml have a greater impact on the growth inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriumand among the extracts, ethanol extract with the concentration of 200 mg/ml has agreater impact on fungicidal of this bacterium.The results also show that methanol and ethanol extracts with the concentration of 175 mg/ml have the greatest impact on Enterococcus faecalis bacteria and none of the extracts has fungicidal effect on this bacterium, also it indicates a significant differencewith other bacteria. Besides, none of the extracts have antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis bacteria.Among the extracts, the effect of ethanol and methanol extractswas more thanthe effects of Estonia extract, and it seems that somesolventsbetterdissolvebioactive compounds. Also in an experiment on earthworms50%, the fungicidal concentration of the extract (LD50) was measured. The results show that in the concentration of 333 ppm (PPM), 50% of the worms died. Antimicrobial and antibacterial properties of the extracts from sea cucumbers are attributed to the compounds such as saponins. One of the most important typesof these compounds istriterpene glycosides which futurer
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