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Abstract
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of neurofeedback (NF) based on
quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) and SmartMind game on the time perception, attention, and working memory of children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
through an experimental design.
Method: Using a purposive sampling method, 32 male students diagnosed with ADHD were
selected and then randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received the treatment (NFþ SmartMind) for 30 weekly sessions. Children’s performances on a time perception test, a Continuous Performance Test (CPT), and a Wechsler working
memory test (WISC) were examined before and after the intervention.
Results: A significant difference was observed between the mean scores of the pretest and posttest for the experimental group, implying that NF training improved short-time perception and
long-time perception attention in CPT test: omission error component, Correct Response component, and working memory: Visual forward component. However, the treatment did not have a
significant effect on the commission error component (CPT), working memory in terms of the visual reverse, auditory reverse, and auditory forward components.
Conclusion: NF combined with computer cognitive games (CCGs) can improve time perception,
attention, and working memory in children with ADHD.
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