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Abstract
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Wax deposition in oil and gas pipelines and equipment is a fundamental challenge that can lead to a decrease in the performance and useful life of these systems. To address this issue, various methods have been developed to reduce wax deposition. This article investigates two novel methods, namely microwave and ultrasonic, for wax deposition mitigation. The microwave method utilizes high-frequency electromagnetic waves and short wavelengths to transfer heat to the wax and separate it from the internal surface of the pipelines. In this method, microwave waves provide energy to the wax, increasing its temperature and causing it to melt and move. Due to its speed, efficiency, and applicability in industrial environments, the microwave method has been recognized as a leading approach in wax deposition reduction, requiring minimal modifications to the pipeline structure. The ultrasonic method employs high-frequency sound waves to disrupt and prevent wax deposition. Ultrasonic waves generate alternating pressure waves at the site of wax accumulation, breaking down the wax structure. This non-destructive and reliable method is capable of reducing wax deposition in hard-to-reach areas. Both microwave and ultrasonic methods have gained attention as innovative approaches for wax deposition reduction. However, further research is needed to optimize and enhance these methods, aiming to improve their implementation capabilities, increase efficiency, and reduce costs. The study also addressed conventional and common methods, such as Insulators heat-proofing materials, Heating techniques to prevent wax deposition, Cold flow, Wax inhibiting tools, Wax removal techniques, Chemicals, and Bacterial treatment.
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