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Abstract
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Abstract
Background. The alpha band has been extensively studied in relation to cognitive
functions such as attention and inhibition, with alpha peak frequency considered a
potential biomarker for these processes. However, more research is needed to better
understand these associations.
Methods. In this study, electroencephalography (EEG) data from a non-clinical sample of
632 elementary school children aged 6 to 11 years (251 girls and 381 boys) with a mean
(±SD) age of 7.07 ± 1.499 years were recorded using 19 electrodes. The alpha peak
frequency in open- and closed-eye conditions was calculated using fast Fourier transform.
Attention and response inhibition were assessed through an integrated auditory and visual
attention test.
Results. Results revealed a significant positive correlation between alpha peak frequency
and both auditory and visual attention in both open- and closed-eye conditions.
Additionally, a negative correlation was observed between alpha frequency peak and
reaction time in auditory and visual aspects. The shorter the reaction time, the faster the
cognitive processing. However, the correlation with response inhibition was weaker.
Conclusion. These findings confirm the key role of alpha peak frequency in attention and
cognitive processing speed. The importance of brain activity recording conditions (eyes
open and closed) and auditory and visual modalities was also confirmed in this research.
Practical Implications. Alpha peak frequency can serve as a biomarker for assessing
cognitive functions and offers valuable insights into brain activity during tasks with
different sensory stimuli.
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