علی رسولی

During the 9th century, after two hundred years of chaos and destruction caused by the mongols attacks , the collapse of the Ilkhanid government, and the attack of Tamerlane; Khorasan has few signs of his old glory. In addition to khorasan and the western Iran, Tamerlane attacks caused a large portion of central Asia across the globe, the Golden Horde, Asia minor, Mesopotamia and Syria. Despite this widespread destruction in the important cities of silk road, the revival of khorasan 's economic and cultural glories in the first half of the ninth century, i.e. Shahrokh's era and it,s continuity till the end of Timurids, is a controversial issue in the history of Iran. The present article seeks to explain why this revival is due to the commercial importance of the sea route known as the Spice Rout . It seems that at the beginning of the second decade of the 9th century, after the reconstruction of Khorasan, Shahrokh looked at the Persian Gulf, where the Hormuz state had become the most stable Iranian government since the 7th century, due to trade with the Indian ocean ports and the establishment of the island inaccessible by the invaders. Shahrukh reconstructed Khorasan out of the benefits gained from the Persian Gulf trade through the expansion of relations with Hormuz, continuing control over the officials in the provinces between the Persian Gulf and Khorasan (Kerman, Fars, Yazd) and extending relationship with the southern Indian states. On the other hand , Shahrokh long-standing and good rulership that improved the situation of Khorasan especially made Herat as the main political and economic center of Iran, increased traffic and trade and along the Persian Gulf-khorasan rout. Thus, in the ninth century, the axis of Hormoz-Herat in the eastern Iran took place the Hormuz-Soltania rout in western part of the country. This change was one of the important factors of Timurid success in the reconstruction of Khorasan, and the flourishg of painting and architecture in t