Introduction & Objective: The rapid development of resistance to anticancer drugs, high toxicity and side effects of some chemotherapeutic drugs, has increased the demand for new anticancer drugs, especially natural products. Meanwhile, sea cucumbers with bioactive compounds such as glycosides triterpenes (saponins) have received much attention. Holothuria leucospilata is a species of cucumber that is widely distributed from the Persian Gulf to the Indian and Pacific Oceans. In this study, we extracted the saponin of Holothuria leucospilata and examined its effect on some of the hub genes of gastric cancer in the MNK45 cell line.
Materials and Methods: The effect of saponin on viability, colonization ability and cell migration was evaluated in MNK45 cell line. Cell cycle and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry at 75 μg / ml saponin at 48 hours. hub genes associated with gastric cancer were identified using bioinformatics analysis. Changes in the expression of some hub genes in treated and control cells were measured by real-time PCR.
Results: This study showed that saponins extracted from Holothuria leucospilata at a concentration of 75 μg / ml cause the decrease in viability (50% in 48 hours, p <0.0001), cell migration and colonization ability in the cell MNK45. It was also observed that saponin at a concentration of 75 μg / ml in 48 hours lead to cell cycle arrest in S phase in about 21.55% of cells and induces apoptosis in about 13% of cells. It also increases the expression of FN1 and CDH1 genes (P <0.05).
Discussion & Conclusion: Saponin extracted from Holothuria leucospilata leads to a significant increase in CDH1 in MNK45 treated cells and can be a great treatment choice for gastric cancer with reduced CDH1 expression.