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Abstract
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Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a crucial component of the soil microbiome. They have attracted notewor-
thy interest due to their plant growth- and health-enhancing effects. PGPR enhances plant growth through several biochemi-
cal pathways, such as phytohormone production, solubilizing plant-inaccessible phosphate, nitrogen fixation, siderophore
production, and ACC deaminase activation. Collectively, these biochemical pathways contribute to improved nutrient uptake,
plant growth, and stress tolerance, underscoring the importance of PGPR in sustainable agriculture. This review analyzes
the existing research on PGPR, highlighting their associated biochemical pathways, molecular interactions, and ecological
consequences in agriculture. The significant identified aspects include the synthesis of phytohormones, including cytokinins
and auxins; phosphate solubilization; and nitrogen fixation, all essential for plant stress resistance and development. The
review highlights the ecological and agricultural implications of PGPR. PGPR reduces reliance on chemical pesticides by
naturally suppressing plant pathogens and reduces reliance on chemical fertilizers needed to improve nutrient uptake. The
review addresses the potential challenges of complicated biochemical reactions related to PGPR–plant interactions, exploring
how these reactions can be optimized for better plant growth and health. The review article discourses the challenges mod-
eled by strain specificity, wide-ranging soil conditions, and potential environmental influences of PGPR. It also discusses
the essentials for further research into new PGPR strains, long-term field studies, and biochemical pathways to advance
sustainable agronomic practices.
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