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چکیده
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Optimizing of lipid extraction from microalgae is the key to increasing their application in various industries. Therefore, extracting lipids plays a decisive role in the stable production of lipid from microalgae. In the present study, 6 extraction methods were evaluated for optimization and substitute the laternative method for the extraction of lipids: standard method of Bligh and Dyer extraction, H2SO4, H3PO4, HCl ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents for choline chloride: urea and choline chloride: oxalic acid from Dunaliella salina in 2 and 24hr extraction time. The effect of type of extraction method on lipid yield, type and composition of extracted fatty acids and extracted fat chlorophyll content were investigated. Gas chromatography results showed that all ionic liquids and eutectic solvents tested were able to extract fatty acids from the D. salina with different fatty acid ratio.Analysis of variances between treatment showed that all extraction treatment had higher fat yields and lower chlorophyll content than Bligh and Dyer standard method. The highest lipid yield (34%)was extracted using choulinchloride: urea in 2hrs treatment. Within 24 hrs treatments H 2SO4 as well as choulinchloride: urea showed higher lipid yield(32%), in contrast the Bligh and Dyer standard method showed 11% lipid yield.In addition, the effect of extraction time (2 and 24 hours ) with ionic liquids and eutectic solvents on the total lipid and extracts of fatty acids profile was investigated. The results of analysis of variance of ionic liquids during the treatment period showed a significant difference on lipid yield (P?0.05), while there was no significant difference between the treatment period and eutectic solvents (P?0.05). In conclusion, according to the results of the present study, lipid extracted from ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents is more efficient than the standard method in quantitative and qualitative terms. Therfore the introd
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