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چکیده
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In order to study the genetic diversity of ten ecotypes of saffron (L Crocus sativus) based on morphological and enzymatic traits in dry farming and irrigated conditions under experimental design as randomized complete block design with three replications in two environments ( dry farming and irrigated) during 2017-2018, It was done on a farm in Sepidan Fars. In this study, ten ecotypes were collected from all over the country and formed experimental treatments. The studied traits included stigma yield, stigma length, single flower fresh weight, number of flowers, flower fresh weight per unit area, chlorophyll a and b, proline, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase enzyme. Analysis of variance in Irrigation conditions had Meaningful in all traits except stigma length and superoxide dismutase enzyme. and in dry farming all traits except stigma length and peroxidase enzyme had meaningful. The correlation matrix also showed that among the studied traits in the irrigated environment between elower wet weight and flower number (r =.97) and in dry environment between flower wet weight and flower number (r =.99) there was high and very meaningful correlation coefficient. Step regression analysis showed that in dry farming and irrigated the number of flowers was the most effective trait on dry stigma yield per unit area. Therefore, these traits can be used to achieve higher yield of saffron. In compound analysis, the effect of environment on stigma yield was not significant, indicating no yield difference under dry and irrigated conditions. On the other hand, the interaction effects of environmental treatments on stigma yield traits, flower number, flower fresh weight, chlorophyll a and b, and SOD enzyme were significant, indicating the genetic diversity of different saffron ecotypes under different environmental conditions. Cluster analysis classified the Dasht e khak e Kerman and Estahban ecotype as the first cluster and the mean comparison table assigned the Kerman ecotype to
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