مشخصات پژوهش

Liquid blockage around the wellbore region can significantly decrease the gas and condensate extraction volume from a condensate reservoir. In these kinds of reservoirs, the rock surfaces are commonly liquid-wet. Treatment to alter rock preference from liquid to gas is a versatile, permanent, and effective technique for recovery enhancement. A novel chemical solution containing fluorosurfactant and nanoparticles is suggested to modify the wettability of carbonate rock. The hydrophobicity of nano silica is achieved using (3-chloropropyl) trimethoxy silane. The chemical solution can provide a gas-wetting tendency in rock samples by inducing a combination of high surface roughness and low surface energy. Modification of wettability by this chemical was confirmed through static contact angle experiments. FTIR and FESEM were used to study the adsorption of the chemical agent on the rock surface, while EDX analysis and EDX map were employed to characterize the elemental composition of the rock surface and determine the distribution of elements on the coated surface before and after treatment. To determine the effective parameters of the chemical treatment process including fluorosurfactant and nanoparticle concentration, treatment time, and temperature, statistical analysis was conducted through analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the modified cubic model for two response variables, water contact angle (R1) and condensate contact angle (R2). The R2 values of 0.9973 for the water contact angle and 0.9893 for the condensate contact angle represent a close agreement between measured and estimated values. Process parameter optimization was conducted using a desirability function to maximize the response variables associated with the liquid-repellent state. The optimal parameters for the process were identified as fluorosurfactant concentration of 4.96 wt%, SiO2 nanoparticle concentration of 0.76 wt%, treating time of 2.49 days, and treating temperature of 23.24 °C. To validate th